You could try downgrading the pedestal dependency down to 0.5.3 from 0.5.7, see if that helps. Tests pass w/ 0.5.7, but there's enough changes there that it is suspect.
It's weird through, because running the jar works. The only thing I can think of is that the aot compile does something specific for Mac, that doesn't work on Linux. Depending on the used base image for running the jar, it either does or doesn't give an exception running it.